December 15

For articles with the same name, see Quinze-Décembre .

THEDecember 15is the 349th day of the year of ^the Gregorian calendar , 350th when it ^is a leap year .

There are then 16 days left before the end of the calendar year.

It was usually Frimaire 25 of the French Republican or Revolutionary calendar , officially referred to as Grillon Day .

Events

6th  century ^_

•   533  :
  • promulgation of the Pandects , collections of laws known by their Latin name of Digest , or Justinian Code .
  • Battle of Tricameron .

11th  century ^_

• 1055  : Toghrul-Beg captures Baghdad . ^{[ref. necessary]}

16th ^century  _

• 1515  : touch of scrofula by the new King of France ^François I in Bologna , before he left for Milan (between Marignan and Milan) ^{[ 1 ]} .
• 1582  : the year does not have in FranceDecember 15. Due to the adoption of the Gregorian calendar by this country, the day after Sunday December 9 will have been Monday December 20 there directly (and the 25th of Christmas , in the Spanish Netherlands?).

18th ^century  _

• 1778  : Battle of Saint Lucia , two days after Saint Lucia , during the American Revolutionary War .
• 1791  :
  • the King of Sweden Gustave III proposes to take the lead in a war against France. ^{[ref. necessary]}
  • The United States Bill of Rights , or United States Bill of Rights , consisting of the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution , comes into force.
• 1796  : During the Irish Expedition , an army of 45 ships, carrying 13,400 men, left the military port of Brest , but it was quickly dispersed by storm.
• 1799  : French troops retake Rome and occupy the Kingdom of Naples . ^{[ref. necessary]}

19th ^century  _

• 1840  : Under the July Monarchy of French King Louis-Philippe , the ashes of Napoleon Bonaparte , transferred from the English Atlantic island of Saint Helena , were deposited at Les Invalides in Paris.
• 1848  : the Austrian army invades Hungary . ^{[ref. necessary]}
• 1899 : Boer  victory , at the Battle of Colenso , in southern Africa.

20th  century ^_

• 1940  : under the Occupation and the Vichy regime , transfer of the ashes of Napoleon II to the Invalides , 100 years to the day after those of his father.
• 1941  : the Japanese land in northern Borneo , then a Dutch colony of the future Indonesia (World War II, recently extended to the Pacific with the United States as new direct belligerents).
• 1946  : In Cambodia , Prince Sisowath Youtevong , leader of the Democratic Party and winner of recent elections , becomes Prime Minister .
• 1964  : in Canada , the House of Commons adopts the maple leaf flag , to replace that with the   British “ Red Ensign ” ^{[ 2 ]} .
• 1976  : The Law for Spanish Political Reform is approved by referendum , involving the dissolution of the Franco regime , and paving the way for a democratic transition.
• 1989  : adoption of the second protocol to the international covenant on civil and political rights .
• 1999  : in Venezuela, referendum on the adoption of a new constitution .

21st ^century  _

• 2005  : first democratic legislative election in Iraq .
• 2013  :
  • Michelle Bachelet is elected President of the Republic of Chile .
  • Beginning of the South Sudanese Civil War .
• 2021  : in Tonga , Siaosi Sovaleni becomes Prime Minister following the legislative elections ^{[ 3 ]} .

Arts, culture and religion

• 1582  : by decision of Pope Gregory XIII , transposed into "national" law, the year does not have aDecember 15. Due to the adoption of the Gregorian calendar by this country, the day after Sunday, December 9 will have been Monday, December 20 directly.
• 1930  : in his book The Visible Woman , Salvador Dalí invents “paranoid-critical activity ^{[ 4 ]} . »
• 1947  : publication of Van Gogh, the suicide of society , by Antonin Artaud ^{[ 5 ]} .
• 1986  : in Paris, launch of the cable/satellite television channel Paris Première .
• 1994  : UNESCO lists the Tatshenshini Alsek Reserve , which straddles Canadian British Columbia and Yukon , and American Alaska , as a World Heritage Site . ^{[ref. necessary]}
• 2001  : the tower of Pisa reopens to the public in Tuscany (Italy) after eleven years of work to prevent it from leaning further and making its visitors lean (it has been recovering imperceptibly since around 2016) ^{[ 6 ]} .
• 2018  : Epiphanius is elected Metropolitan of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine .
• 2020  : Beethoven year due to his 250th ^birthday below, on December 15, 16 or 17 (in addition to a de Gaulle year in France, and an international covid19 year).

Science and technology

• 1582  : the year does not have in FranceDecember 15, between 9 and directly 20, of the same month (transition to the Gregorian calendar).
• 1948  : first commissioning of Zoé , the first French atomic pile.
• 1965  : first successful space rendezvous in history, between the Gemini 7 and Gemini 6 manned capsules .
• 1970  : The Soviet probe Venera 7 drops a module on the planet Venus , which transmits information for 35 minutes.
• 1996  : Boeing and McDonnell Douglas , American aerospace giants, announce their merger, creating the largest aerospace group in the world.
• 2000  : final closure of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant ^{[ 7 ]} .
• 2009  : First flight of the Boeing 787 .
• 2016  : the European Union Galileo satellite positioning system becomes operational.

Economy and society

• 1582  : the year does not have in FranceDecember 15 (see above, and other dates around) .
• 1805  : Napoleon signs the decree creating the educational establishments of the Legion of Honor .
• 1809  : the same divorce from Joséphine de Beauharnais .
• 1960  : King Baudouin I of Belgium ^marries Fabiola de Mora y Aragón .
• 1979  : Creation of the first Trivial Pursuit , released in Quebec .
• 2014  : Hostage situation in Sydney , Australia.
• 2019  : Olympique Lyonnais pays tribute to the new football retiree Bernard Lacombe , in its stadium, in the presence of Stade Rennes FC, its opponent of the day ^{[ 8 ]} .

Births

1st ^century  _

• 37  : Nero ( Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus said), 5th ^Emperor of Rome from 54 to his death (†June 9, 68).

2nd  century ^_

• 130  : Lucius Verus ( Lucius Aurelius Ceionius Commodus Verus ), Roman co-emperor with Marcus Aurelius , from 161 to his death († 169 ).

17th ^century  _

• 1613  : François de La Rochefoucauld , French writer (†March 17 , 1680).
• 1657  : Michel-Richard Delalande , French violinist, organist and composer (†June 18 , 1726).

18th ^century  _

• 1750  : Nicolas Gilbert , French poet († November 16 , 1780).
• 1770 (or 16 or even 17 December of his undulation or religious baptism): Ludwig van Beethoven , German composer († March 26 , 1827).
• 1777  : Agostino Aglio , Italian painter († January 30 , 1857).

19th ^century  _

• 1802  : János Bolyai , Hungarian mathematician († January 27 , 1860).
• 1807  : Giuseppe Pecci , Italian cardinal and Jesuit († February 8 , 1890).
• 1825  :
  • Henri-Frédéric Iselin , French sculptor († March 30 , 1905).
  • Paul Bernard Labrosse-Luuyt , French engineer († November 23 , 1887).
• 1832  : Gustave Eiffel , French engineer and industrialist († December 27 , 1923).
• 1852  : Henri Becquerel , French physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 († August 25 , 1908).
• 1859  : Louis-Lazare Zamenhof , Polish physician and linguist, initiator of Esperanto ( † April 14 , 1917).
• 1867  : Giuseppe Lauricella , Sicilian mathematician († January 9 , 1913).
• 1873  : Abdeljelil Zaouche (عبد الجليل الزّاوش), Tunisian politician and businessman († January 3, 1947).
• 1883  : Mikołaj Osada , Polish prosecutor and deputy († May 21 , 1949).
• 1888  : James Maxwell Anderson , American playwright († February 28 , 1959).
• 1890  : Federico Callori di Vignale , Italian Cardinal of the Roman Curia († August 10 , 1971).
• 1891  : Martial Gueroult , French philosopher and historian of philosophy († August 13 , 1976).
• 1892  : Jean Paul Getty , American industrialist († June 6 , 1976).
• 1899  : Harold Abrahams , British athlete, sprint specialist († January 14 , 1978).

20th  century ^_

• 1901  :
  • Georges Cogniot , French writer, philosopher and politician († March 12 , 1978).
  • Charles Lecocq , Belgian poet († May 15 , 1922).
  • Wolfgang Müller , German officer († January 6, 1986).
• 1902  :
  • Michel Bouts , French writer and pedagogue († December 27 , 1993).
  • Robert Fiske Bradford , American politician († March 18 , 1983).
  • Alphonse Couturier , Quebec politician († August 11 , 1995).
• 1903  :
  • Bernardus Petrus "Bernard" Leene , Dutch racing cyclist († November 24 , 1988).
  • Yuli Raizman (Юлий Яковлевич Райзман), Soviet director († December 11 , 1994).
  • Nakaji Yasui (安井 仲治), Japanese photographer († March 15 , 1942).
• 1904  :
  • Benjamin Baruch "Benny" Bass , American boxer († June 24 , 1975).
  • Herbert Blankenhorn , German politician († August 10 , 1991).
  • Guy Lévis Mano , French poet, translator and typographer († July 25 , 1980).
  • Édouard Rieunaud , French politician and business leader († March 3, 1982).
  • Henry Russell , American athlete († November 9 , 1986).
  • Helen Meany , American Olympic champion diver in 1928 († July 21 , 1991).
• 1905  :
  • Ferenc Farkas , Hungarian composer († October 10 , 2000).
  • Rellys ( Henri Marius Roger Bourelly dit), French actor († July 20 , 1991).
• 1906  :
  • Edmond Debeaumarché , French resistant, companion of the Liberation († March 28 , 1959).
  • Joseph MacDonald , American cinematographer († May 26 , 1968).
• 1907  :
  • Marcel Dehaye , Belgian novelist and comic book publisher († 1990 ).
  • Gordon Douglas , American director, actor, screenwriter and producer († September 29 , 1993).
  • Esko Järvinen , Finnish ski jumper († March 7 , 1976).
  • Oscar Niemeyer , Brazilian architect († December 5 , 2012).
  • Dom Robert ( Guy de Chaunac-Lanzac dit), Benedictine monk († May 10 , 1997).
• 1908  :
  • Alton Delmore , American musician († June 8 , 1964).
  • Ray Hogan , American writer, author of western novels († July 14 , 1998).
  • William Lemit , composer, pedagogue and musicologist († August 21 , 1966).
  • Demetrio Neyra , Peruvian international footballer († September 27 , 1957).
  • Attila Sallustro , Paraguayan footballer and coach († May 28 , 1983).
  • Kenneth Younger , British politician († May 19 , 1976).
• 1909  :
  • Pierre Depoid , French statistician († January 23 , 1968).
  • John Glassco , Canadian poet, writer and translator († January 29 , 1981).
  • Jack Gwillim , English actor († July 2 , 2001).
  • Hermann Haller , Swiss editor, director and screenwriter († June 21 , 1985).
  • Christian Masson , French politician († June 13 , 2003).
  • James Smith , American skipper († November 24 , 1982).
• 1910  :
  • Louis Bourdonnec , French and Breton resistance fighter, section leader of the FFI († August 16 , 1944).
  • Allan La Fontaine , French Australian rules football player († December 14 , 1999).
  • John Hammond , American music producer, musician and critic († July 10 , 1987).
  • Louis Hardiquest , Belgian racing cyclist († January 20 , 1991).
  • Augustin Le Maresquier , French regional historian († December 6 , 1972).
  • Robert Seguy , French trade unionist teacher († January 4, 2011).
• 1911  :
  • Jacques Chevallier , French-Algerian politician († April 15 , 1971).
  • Stanley Newcomb "Stan" Kenton , American jazz bandleader, composer and pianist († August 25 , 1979).
  • Alfred Malleret-Joinville , French politician († February 20 , 1960).
  • René Ríos Boettiger , Chilean comics author († July 14 , 2000).
  • Michael Ross , American actor († September 10 , 1993).
  • Wilhelm Schüchter , German conductor († May 27 , 1974).
• 1912  :
  • Ray Eames , American artist, designer , architect and film director († August 21 , 1988).
  • Henry Fournier-Foch , French soldier († January 16 , 2006).
  • Ettore Giannini , Italian theater screenwriter and director († November 15 , 1990).
  • Reuben Goodstein , British mathematician († March 8 , 1985).
  • Rashid Nejmetdinov (Рашид Гибятович Нежметдинов), Tatar chess player († June 3 , 1974).
  • Gérard Vée , French politician († January 11 , 1986).
• 1913  :
  • Roger Gaudry , Quebec chemist and manager († October 7, 2001).
  • Boubacar Guèye , Senegalese politician († November 22 , 1989).
  • Masayoshi Itō (伊東 正義), Japanese politician Prime Minister in 1980 († May 20 , 1994).
  • Prudent Joye , French athlete († November 1 ^, 1980).
• 1914  :
  • Anatole Abragam , French physicist († June 8 , 2011).
  • Maurice Cattin-Bazin , French politician († March 20 , 2007).
  • Reginald Leafe , English football referee († 2001 ).
• 1915  :
  • Arthur Morris "Art" Jackson , Canadian professional ice hockey player († May 15 , 1971).
  • Chung Li-ho (鍾理和), Taiwanese writer († August 4 , 1960).
  • Charles F. Wheeler , American cinematographer († October 28 , 2004).
• 1918  :
  • Jeff Chandler ( Ira Grossel says), American actor († June 17 , 1961).
  • Chihiro Iwasaki (いわさき ちひろ), Japanese illustrator († August 8 , 1974).
• 1919  :
  • François Chalais , French journalist, reporter, interviewer, and film columnist († May 1 ^, 1996).
  • Max Yasgur , American farmer partial owner of the grounds of Bethel (of the so-called Woodstock festival († February 9 , 1973).
• 1920  : Kurt Schaffenberger , American cartoonist († January 24 , 2002).
• 1921  :
  • Alan Freed , American disc jockey , coiner of the term rock 'n' roll in 1951 († January 20 , 1965).
  • Jacques Lecoq , French actor, director, choreographer and pedagogue († January 19 , 1999).
• 1923  : Pierre Cossette , Canadian television producer († September 11 , 2009).
• 1924  : Esther Bejarano (née Esther Loewy ), German musician, one of the last survivors of the women's orchestra of Auschwitz († July 10 , 2021).
• 1926  :
  • Josep Maria Castellet , Spanish writer, literary critic and publisher († January 9 , 2014).
  • Emmanuel Wamala , Ugandan Catholic Cardinal Archbishop of Kampala .
• 1928  : Friedensreich Hundertwasser , Austrian artist, painter, thinker and architect († February 19 , 2000).
• 1930  : Edmond Tober , French jazz drummer musician († November 30 , 2020).
• 1932  : Ernest Cabo , French Catholic Bishop of Basse-Terre († November 28 , 2019).
• 1933  : Thomas Daniel "Tim" Conway , American actor and screenwriter († May 14 , 2019).
• 1934  :
  • Stanislaw Shuchkievich , nuclear physicist and first president of independent Belarus († May 3 , 2022).
  • Claude Dubois , illustrator and scriptwriter of French comic strips from Lorraine.
• 1936  : Joe D'Amato , Italian director, cinematographer, cameraman and screenwriter († January 23 , 1999).
• 1939  : Umaru Mutallab , Nigerian businessman.
• 1940  :
  • Nicholas Anthony "Nick" Buoniconti , American football player († July 30 , 2019).
  • Efraín Girón , Venezuelan matador († July 22 , 2011).
• 1942  : David de Rothschild , French banker.
• 1943  : Mihály Hesz , Hungarian Olympic champion kayaker.
• 1944  : Michel Fuzellier , illustrator and director of French cartoons.
• 1946  :
  • Carmine Appice , American drummer for the band Vanilla Fudge .
  • Steve Fiset , Quebec singer († November 7 , 2015).
  • Jean-Michel Ribes , French author, director and director.
• 1947  :
  • Jane Evelyn Atwood , French-British-American photographer.
  • Guy Le Meaux , French painter.
• 1948
  • Melanie Chartoff , American actress.
  • Pascal Bruckner , French philosopher, novelist and essayist.
• 1949  :
  • Donnie Wayne "Don" Johnson , American actor and singer.
  • Denise Leblanc-Bantey , Quebec politician († February 8, 1999).
  • Serhiy Novikov , Olympic champion Soviet judoka († April 16 , 2021).
• 1950  : Olivier Pastré , economist, teacher, president of an investment bank, consultant and French columnist for radio and television.
• 1953  : Eswarapatham Saravanapavan , Sri Lankan Tamil newspaper publisher and politician.
• 1955  : Paul Simonon , English musician and painter, bassist of the group The Clash .
• 1957  :
  • Normand Baron , Canadian professional hockey player.
  • Mario Marois , Quebec hockey player.
• 1958  : Alfredo Ormando , Italian writer († January 23 , 1998).
• 1962  :
  • Gianluca Farina , Italian Olympic champion rower.
  • Jean-Yves Thériault , Quebec musician from the band Voivod .
• 1963  : Helen Slater , American actress and singer.
• 1964  : Christophe Carrière , French journalist and writer.
• 1966  : Katja von Garnier , German director.
• 1967  : Maurice Samuel "Mo" Vaughn , American baseball player.
• 1969  : Chantal Petitclerc , Paralympic athlete from Quebec.
• 1970  : Michael Shanks , Canadian actor.
• 1971  : Kamel Ouali , French choreographer.
• 1972  : Fusco ( João Carlos Proença Filipe said), Portuguese footballer.
• 1973  : Surya Bonaly , French ice skater.
• 1975  : Thierry Loder , French road cyclist.
• 1977  :
  • Rohff ( Housni Mkouboi said), French rapper.
  • Catherine Fox , American Olympic champion swimmer.
  • Gong Zhichao , Chinese Olympic champion badminton player.
• 1978  : Henrieta Nagyová , Slovak tennis player.
• 1979  :
  • Adam Brody , American actor and singer.
  • Nomy , Swedish musician.
• 1980  :
  • Élodie Gossuin , Miss France and Miss Europe 2001 , French model, stylist, politician and animator.
  • Alexandra Stevenson , American tennis player.
• 1981  :
  • Najoua Belyzel ( Najoua Mazouri called), French singer.
  • Michelle Dockery , English actress.
  • Thomas Herrion , American football player († August 20 , 2005).
  • Paolo Lorenzi , Italian tennis player.
• 1983  :
  • Jérôme Dekeyser , Belgian field hockey player.
  • Julien Lesieu , French basketball player.
  • Flora Manciet , French lifesaving swimmer .
• 1984  :
  • Véronique Mang , French sprint athlete.
  • Kyle Wilson , Canadian professional hockey player.
• 1986  :
  • Michael Blunden , Canadian professional hockey player.
  • Keylor Navas , Costa Rican footballer.
• 1987  : Vincent Duport , French rugby league player.
• 1988  :
  • Floyd Ayité , Franco-Togolese footballer.
  • Erik Gustafsson , Swedish professional hockey player.
  • Steven Nzonzi , French footballer world champion in 2018.
• 1989  :
  • Héléna Ciak , French basketball player.
  • Lamine Sambe , French basketball player.
• 1997  :
  • Momoka Itō (伊藤 萌々香), Japanese singer.
  • Eric Lu , American pianist.
  • Stefania Owen , American actress.

21st ^century  _

• 2002  :
  • Azumah Bugre , Ghanaian footballer.
  • Rabab Ouhadi , Moroccan taekwondo player.

Death

11th  century ^_

• 1025  : Basil II (Βασίλειος Β΄), Byzantine emperor from 960 to 1025 (° 958 ).

17th ^century  _

• 1621  : Charles de Luynes , favourite , principal minister, keeper of the seals and constable of the young king of France Louis XIII ^{[ 9 ]} (°August 5 , 1578).
• 1647  : Isaac de Castro Tartas , marrano, burned alive in Lisbon (° 1623 ).
• 1651  : Virginie Centurione Bracelli , Italian Catholic saint , founder of two religious congregations (°April 2, 1587).
• 1664  : Dietrich Reinkingk , German constitutionalist and politician (°March 10 , 1590).
• 1675  : Johannes Vermeer , Dutch painter (°October 31 , 1632).
• 1683  : Izaac Walton , English writer (°August 9 , 1593).
• 1686  : Daniel Gittard , French architect (°March 14 , 1625).

18th ^century  _

• 1775  : Princess Tarakanova , pretender to the Russian throne in 1774.

19th ^century  _

• 1821  : Ambroise-François Germain , goldsmith, mathematician and French politician (°January 20 , 1726).
• 1855  : Charles Sturm , French mathematician (° September 29 , 1803).
• 1859  : Valentin Zwierkowski , Polish officer (° February 20 , 1788).
• 1890  : Sitting Bull ( Tȟatȟaŋka Iyotȟaŋka said Sitting Bull or), Sioux Chief (° c. 1831 ).

20th  century ^_

• 1909  : Francisco Tárrega , Spanish guitarist (° November 21 , 1852).
• 1917  : Thérèse Guasch y Toda , Spanish nun, founder of the Theresian Carmelites of Saint Joseph (° May 28 , 1848).
• 1938  : Valery Chkalov (Валерий Павлович Чкалов), Soviet aviator (° February 2, 1904).
• 1943  : Thomas Wright “Fats” Waller , American musician (° May 21 , 1904).
• 1944  : Glenn Miller , American musician (° March 1 ^, 1904).
• 1949  : Alice Bailey , British writer (° June 16 , 1880).
• 1954  : Liberty Hyde Bailey , American botanist (° March 15 , 1858).
• 1955  : Horace McCoy , American writer and screenwriter (° April 14 , 1897).
• 1958  : Wolfgang Pauli , Austrian physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics in 1945 (° April 25 , 1900).
• 1960  : Véra Clouzot ( Vera Gibson Amado known as), French actress of Brazilian origin (° December 30 , 1913)
• 1962  :
  • Adila Fachiri , Hungarian violinist (° February 26 , 1886).
  • Charles Laughton , British-born American comedian and director (° July 1 ^, 1899).
• 1966  : Walter Elias “Walt” Disney , American producer and creator of cartoons (° December 5 , 1901).
• 1968  :
  • Antonio Barrette , Quebec politician (° May 26 , 1899).
  • Jess Willard , American boxer (° December 29 , 1881).
• 1970  :
  • Valérian Bernard Freyberg, 3rd Baron Freyberg , British peer and politician.
  • Stanislas-André Steeman , Belgian author and illustrator (° January 23 , 1908).
• 1974  : Anatole Litvak , American director, producer and screenwriter of Ukrainian origin (° May 21 , 1902).
• 1976  : Grégoire Kayibanda , Rwandan politician, President of Rwanda from 1961 to 1973 (° May 1 ^, 1924).
• 1980  : Lélia Constance Băjenesco , first female radio amateur in Romania (° May 21 , 1908).
• 1982  : Yolande Laffon , French actress, widow of Pierre Brisson (° August 24 , 1895).
• 1984  : Jan Peerce ( Jacob Pincus Perelmuth dit), American tenor (° June 3 , 1904).
• 1985  : Seewoosagur Ramgoolam , politician Prime Minister then Governor General of Mauritius ( ° September 18 , 1900).
• 1986  : Serge Lifar (Сергей Михайлович Лифарь), Russian dancer, choreographer and pedagogue (° April 2 , 1905).
• 1987 (on Esperanto Day ): Ivo Lapenna , Yugoslav Esperantist , President of the Universal Esperanto Association (° November 5 , 1909).
• 1989  :
  • Arnold Moss , American actor (° January 28 , 1910).
  • José Gonzalo Rodríguez Gacha , known as the Mexican , Colombian drug trafficker number two in the Medellín Cartel (° May 14 , 1947).
• 1991  : Vassili Grigorievich Zaïtsev (Василий Григорьевич Зайцев), Soviet sniper (° March 23 , 1915).
• 1996  :
  • Harry Kemelman , American mystery novelist (° November 24 , 1908).
  • Laurens van der Post , British writer (° December 13 , 1906)
• 1999  : Guglielmo Gattiani , Italian Capuchin priest “  servant of God  ” (° November 11 , 1914).
• 2000  : Jacques Goddet , French journalist and sportsman, founder of the newspaper L'Équipe and director of the Tour de France cyclist (° June 21 , 1905).

21st ^century  _

• 2001  : Rufus Thomas , American singer (° March 26 , 1917).
• 2003  : Keith Magnuson , Canadian ice hockey defenseman (° April 27 , 1947).
• 2004  : René Cleitman , French producer (° May 22 , 1940).
• 2005  : Julián Marías Aguilera , Spanish philosopher, sociologist and essayist (° June 17 , 1914).
• 2006  :
  • Jaak Merchez , Belgian footballer then coach (° March 7 , 1933).
  • Stanford Jay Shaw , American historian (° May 5 , 1930).
  • Gianclaudio Giuseppe “Clay” Regazzoni , Swiss racing driver (° September 5 , 1939).
• 2007  :
  • Jean Bottero , French Assyriologist historian (° August 30 , 1914).
  • Julia Carson , American politician (° July 8 , 1938).
  • André Jorrand , French composer and organist (° November 27 , 1921).
  • Diane Middlebrook , professor of women's studies, American poet and biographer (° April 16 , 1939).
• 2008  :
  • León Febres-Cordero , Ecuadorian statesman (° March 9 , 1931).
  • Davey Graham , British guitarist (° November 22 , 1940).
• 2009  : Jacques Friedmann , French businessman (° October 15 , 1932).
• 2010  :
  • Blake Edwards ( William Blake Crump said), American director, screenwriter and producer (° July 26 , 1922).
  • Robert William Andrew "Bob" Feller , American baseball player (° November 3 , 1918).
  • Jean Rollin , French director, screenwriter and producer (° November 3 , 1938).
• 2013  : Joan Fontaine ( Joan de Beauvoir de Havilland known as), British naturalized American actress (° October 22 , 1917).
• 2014  : Boty Lou Rosalie , president of the board of directors of the market of the cooperative for the marketing of food products in Cocody (°1959).
• 2017  : Darlanne Fluegel , American actress (° November 25 , 1953).
• 2018  : Milunka Lazarević , Serbian chess player and journalist (° December 1 ^, 1932).
• 2020  : Caroline Cellier ( Monique Cellier known as), French theater, film and television actress, companion, wife then widow of Jean Poiret (° August 7 , 1945).
• 2021  : Marcel Meys , supercentenarian and penultimate male dean known to the French, before André Boite himself who has since died (° July 12 , 1909).

Celebrations

International

L.-L. Zamenhof in 1908.

• Zamenhofa Tago or universal day of Esperanto or Zamenhof for the anniversary date of birth of Louis-Lazare Zamenhof ( in photograph opposite ) at the origin of the language ^{[ 10 ]} .

National

• Netherlands Antilles , Aruba , Curaçao , Sint Maarten , Netherlands  : Koninkrijksdag ("Kingdom Day"), commemorating the signing of the Charter of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1954 .
• Alderney ( UK Channel Islands ): Homecoming Day celebrating the first return of the island's inhabitants in 1945 , after a mass evacuation in June 1940 at the same time as the exodus to neighboring (and cousin ) France and Normandy ^{[ 11 ]} .
• Brittany ( France ): Santig Du, or Santik Du , little "black saint" ( du = black; November , in the Celtic Breton language), in reference to "Yann Divoutou" (" Jean Discalceat " / "the déchaux", in Breton Celtic and Latin), or "Yann Diarc'hen" ("Jean sans sabots", in Breton again), a Breton Franciscan considered holy by popular tradition (° v. 1279 - 15 a viz kerzu / December 1349).
• United States  : Bill of Rights Day commemorating the  1791 ratification of the first 10 amendments to the United States Constitution ^{[ 12 ]} .

nuns

• Roman religious festivals  : from the 8th ^century  BC  . J.-C. , this December 15 as the 21 sextilis (future August) , Consualia in honor of the god Consus sometimes identified with Neptune , the Roman equivalent of the Greek Poseidon god of the sea.

Saints of the Christian Churches

Catholics and Orthodox

Saints of the Day ^{[ 13 ] , [ 14 ]}  :

• Adalberon II of Metz ( 958 - 1005 ) — or "Adalberon I ^of Verdun", or "Aldaberon of Ardennes" —, blessed , who belonged to the family of the Dukes of Lorraine , raised at the Abbey of Gorze , bishop of Verdun and Metz , and who founded many monasteries.
• Bacchus († around 790 ), known as “the New”, Muslim convert, monk of the Lavra of Saint-Sabbas , martyr in Palestine by the hand of other Muslims .
• Drostan  ( † c. 610 ), Benedictine monk, disciple of Saint Columba , Abbot of Deer (or Dier), County Aberdeen , who evangelized northern Scotland  ; Also celebrated on July 11 .
• Stephen of Souroge  (ru) († 787 ), archbishop in Crimea.
• Eusebius of Verceil († c.  370 ) , bishop of Verceil (translation of the relics, main date ^August 1 ).
•  Mesmin the Elder 6th ^century , abbot near Orléans.

Catholic Saints or Blesseds

Saints or beatified ^{[ 13 ]}  :

• Charles Steeb ( 1773 - 1856 ), Blessed , born in Tübingen , Germany , into a Lutheran family , confessor and founder of the Institute of the Sisters of Mercy .
• Mary Crucified of Rosa ( 1813 - 1855 ), foundress of the Servants of Charity in Brescia , Italy.
• Virginie Centurione Bracelli ( 1587 - 1651 ), founder of two religious congregations  : the Sisters of Our Lady of Refuge, on Mount Calvary, and the Sisters Daughters of Our Lady of Mount Calvary.

orthodox saint

• Arsene the Catholicos ( 11th ^century ) ^{[ 14 ]}  , ( at possibly different dates in the Julian or Eastern calendars) .

names of the day

Happy birthday to Virginia and its most common variants: Virginia, Ginger, Gigi (e), Ninie or even Nina , in the feminine (best known holiday on January 7 )  ; Virginian, Virginien, Virginijus , Virgin in the masculine.

And also to:

• Christiane , C(h)risti(a)na and their diminutives: Nina , Nine, Nino , Ninon (cf. also January 14 ) or Tina (cf. February 14 ) .
• Yann, Yan or even Jean (in connection with the Santig Du alias Santik Du Breton above).

Traditions and superstitions

sayings

Astrology

• Zodiac sign  : 23rd ^day  of Serpentarius (or Sagittarius?).

Toponymy

• The names of several roads, squares, sites or buildings in French-speaking countries or regions contain this date in various spellings: see Quinze-Décembre . 

Notes and references

Related articles

• December 15 in sports
• December 15 in the railways
• December 15 in the Crusades
• December 15 and Catholicism

• Time Portal